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21.
利用强壮红点鲑(Salvelinus confluentus)的微卫星筛选出适用于我国的珍稀濒危冷水性鱼类——花糕红点鲑(Salvelinus malma)的多态性引物,并分析其鸭绿江种群的遗传多样性。结果显示,在强壮红点鲑的10个微卫星引物中有5个在花糕红点鲑群体中具有多态性,鸭绿江种群的等位基因数(N)a为6~22(平均15),杂合度(H)为0.4063~0.9333(平均0.7851),多态信息含量(PIC)为0.7164~0.9198(平均0.8536)。强壮红点鲑微卫星引物在花糕红点鲑中具有很好的通用性,花糕红点鲑的鸭绿江种群具有较高的遗传多样性水平。本研究结果为我国花糕红点鲑种质资源保护和管理提供遗传学理论依据。 相似文献
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Year class strength of many fishes often is determined by survival through the first winter. Increased fat reserves improve survival and overall cohort success. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) methods are established for estimating proximate composition of adult brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), but none have been developed for early life stages. Small‐fish BIA would provide information about age‐0 percent dry weight, a proxy for fat reserves, allowing for better prediction of cohort success. The objective of this study was to develop BIA methods that provide reliable estimates of percent dry weight for age‐0 brook trout. BIA measurements were taken at seven anatomical locations from 48 to 115 mm fish. A model developed using BIA measures taken by subdermal needle electrodes precisely predicted percent dry weight (best model, RMSE = 1.03, R2 = 0.86). Although lacking support, as determined by information theoretical analysis, BIA measured with non‐invasive external rod electrodes also precisely predicted percent dry weight (RMSE = 1.09, R2 = 0.85). Models developed using two electrode locations performed better than models developed with only one location. For small brook trout, a dorsal to ventral pre‐dorsal fin electrode location should be used in conjunction with a dorsal total length location when measuring BIA to predict percent dry weight. 相似文献
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鸭绿江花羔红点鲑的生长模型和生活史类型研究 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
用特殊VBGF生长模型对鸭绿江花羔红点鲑的生长进行拟合。经检验表明;特殊VBGF生长模型可较好地反映鸭绿江花羔红点鲑的生长过程及其变化规律。应用r-k选择型理论,根据主要生态学参数判断出鸭绿江花羔红点鲑的生活史类型属r-选择型。 相似文献
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花羔红点鲑的鳞片年累特征为疏密一切割混合型。体长和体重关系密切,属均匀性生长类型。主要以水生昆虫为食,对食物有明显的选择性;主要摄食季节为夏秋两季,但可终年摄食。雌雄鱼几乎2+龄达到性成熟,产卵期为10 ̄11月,绝对繁殖力为280 ̄500粒,每年产一次卵,属秋季产卵类型。产卵场底质为石砾,水深50 ̄70cm,水流速度1.5 ̄2.0m/s,水温一般为5 ̄8℃。 相似文献
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Katsiaryna Lundova Jan Matousek Marketa Prokesova Roman Sebesta Tomas Policar Vlastimil Stejskal 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(6):1697-1704
The influence of timing of extended photoperiods on growth and maturity of brook trout was investigated in a 112‐day experiment. The fish with mean initial weight of ~192 g were reared under four light regimes: one control group with natural ambient photoperiod and three groups exposed to an 18L:6D regime initiated at days 1, 23 or 46 of the growth trial. Light‐emitting diodes, with intensity of 250–1000 lux, depending on the distance from the light source, were used for extending light periods. There was a positive effect of prolonged day length on fish growth (p < 0.05), and a delay in gonad development and sexual maturity. Significantly higher numbers of sexually mature fish were found among controls groups, regardless of sex. Survival rate was not affected by light regime. This study demonstrated that the short‐term expansion of the photo period delayed maturation and increased the growth rate of brook trout. 相似文献
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S. I. Siikavuopio R. Knudsen A. C. Winger R. Kristoffersen 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2009,18(1):126-131
Abstract – Winter growth and survival of wild individually tagged juvenile Arctic charr (1+ age) from a riverine anadromous stock, were studied in a small ice-covered (∼6 months) ground water brook (temperature ∼1 °C) connected to Skibotnelva in subarctic northern Norway. The overall winter survival was estimated to be 68% from late October 2005 to early May 2006. The recaptured charr were not significantly different in initial length or weight compared with the nonrecaptured fish suggesting low size-dependent mortality. The majority (98%) of the recaptured charr showed significant increase in size, with a mean increment of 62% from their initial bodyweight and 12% of the charr parr had more than doubled their weight. The mean specific growth rate was calculated to be slightly lower (0.27) than estimated values from a growth model (∼0.35). In addition, the condition factor increased significantly during the field experiment. These results are the first individual growth data on riverine anadromous Arctic charr parr under natural winter conditions, and indicate that charr can grow relatively fast during periods with low temperature and also that ground water brooks can be good over-wintering habitat for juvenile Arctic charr. These results suggest that the winter period is perhaps a less severe bottleneck than previously recognised for the cold-adapted Arctic charr. 相似文献
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Oxygen stable isotope temperature reconstruction methods were used to estimate mean experienced summer temperatures from growth zones within individual Arctic charr otoliths sampled from lakes with contrasting morphologies but proximate locations. For either lake, otolith‐estimated temperatures were not significantly related to back‐calculated growth. Fish in the smaller lake evidenced an increase in growth with age related to increasing use of cooler thermal habitats, with the use of thermal habitat possibly governed by predation risks. No relationships between age, growth or temperature were observed in the larger lake. Significant negative effects on back‐calculated growth were observed due to increasing air temperatures in the smaller and shallower lake, possibly owing to warmer surface and littoral waters and a limited amount of preferred cool‐water habitat. A similar relationship was not observed in the larger and deeper lake and indicated that resident Arctic charr were not as vulnerable to the impacts of temperature warming, possibly because of better behavioural thermoregulation opportunities in the cooler, deeper lake. Results provide evidence for differing climate‐influenced growth outcomes among proximately located populations, with outcomes likely to depend on the differences among habitats, including lake size and morphometry which may act to influence fish densities in available preferred thermal habitats. 相似文献